Best Tutorial on Jetpack Compose

by Sandeep Kumar -
Welcome to Coding Bihar Best Jetpack Compose Tutorial. 
We will learn the modern toolkit for making UI of an Android App. This is the basic course specially designed for beginners. The tutorial covers the all basics for creating an Android App using Jetpack Compose. 

Basic of Jetpack Compose

  1. Jetpack Compose - Jetpack Compose is a modern UI toolkit for building native Android apps using a declarative approach. It simplifies UI development with less code, intuitive animations, and better performance.
  2. Composable in Jetpack Compose -A Composable is a function annotated with @Composable that defines UI elements in Jetpack Compose. It allows developers to build reusable and dynamic UI components effortlessly.
  3. Creating an App using Jetpack Compose - Building an Android app with Jetpack Compose is fast and efficient. It eliminates XML layouts, enabling developers to create UI directly in Kotlin with a more intuitive structure.
  4. Layout in Jetpack Compose - A layout arranges UI components on the screen, ensuring a structured and responsive design. Jetpack Compose provides flexible layout options like Column, Row, and Box. 
Column, Row, and Box

  • Column: Arranges child elements  vertically, one below another.
  • Row: Aligns child elements horizontally, side by side.
  • Box: A container that stacks child elements on top of each other.
    5. Creating a List in Jetpack Compose - Lists in Jetpack Compose are built using LazyColumn or LazyRow, efficiently rendering large datasets with smooth scrolling.
    6. Vertical and Horizontal Lines in Jetpack Compose - Use Divider to create thin, customizable horizontal lines. Vertical lines can be created using Box with a specified height and width.
    7. Creating a Table in Jetpack Compose - Tables can be built using Row and Column composables, structuring data in a grid-like format with alignment and spacing control.
    8. Canvas in Jetpack Compose - The Canvas API allows drawing custom shapes, paths, and graphics directly on the screen, enabling creative UI elements and animations.
    9. Bitmap in Jetpack Compose - A Bitmap represents an image as a pixel matrix, used for handling and displaying images efficiently in Jetpack Compose.
    10. Brush in Jetpack Compose - A Brush is used for gradients, fills, and shading effects in UI components, enhancing visual appeal with smooth color transitions.

Material Design

  1. Material Design is a design system by Google that provides guidelines for creating visually appealing, consistent, and user-friendly interfaces across platforms using motion, color, and shape principles.
  2. App Bar (Top & Bottom) - Top App Bar: A toolbar at the top of the screen displaying the app title, navigation icon, and actions like search or settings. Bottom App Bar: Placed at the bottom, often featuring navigation and primary actions, including a Floating Action Button (FAB).
  3. App Icon - The app icon is a graphical representation of an application, displayed on the home screen, launcher, and task manager for easy identification.
  4. Bottom Sheet - A Bottom Sheet is a slide-up panel used to display additional content, actions, or options without leaving the current screen. It can be modal (blocks interaction) or persistent (always visible).
  5. Buttons - Buttons trigger actions when clicked. Jetpack Compose provides various types like TextButton, ElevatedButton, OutlinedButton, and IconButton for different use cases.
  6. Cards - Cards are UI components that group related information with elevation, rounded corners, and optional images or actions, providing a structured way to display content.
  7. Checkbox - A Checkbox allows users to select one or multiple options from a list, typically represented as a small square that toggles between checked and unchecked states.
  8. Chips -  in Jetpack Compose - Chips are compact UI elements that display options, actions, or filters in a visually distinct way. They can be used for categories, selections, or interactive elements. Jetpack Compose provides different types of chips:Assist Chip – Provides contextual actions related to user input. Filter Chip – Toggles filters on/off, commonly used in data filtering. Input Chip – Represents user-generated content, such as tags or selections. Suggestion Chip – Offers predictive suggestions based on user activity.
  9. Dialog Box - A Dialog Box is a pop-up window that provides important information, warnings, or input fields, requiring user interaction before proceeding.
  10. Divider - A Divider is a thin horizontal or vertical line used to separate UI elements, improving visual clarity and layout structure.
  11. Floating Action Button (FAB) - A Floating Action Button is a circular button that hovers over content, usually representing a primary action like adding a new item or sending a message
  12. Icons - Icons are small graphical symbols representing actions, features, or navigation within an app, enhancing usability and aesthetics.
  13. Lazy Column & Lazy Row - LazyColumn: A vertically scrolling list optimized for large data sets, rendering items only when needed. LazyRow: A horizontally scrolling list with similar optimization benefits.
  14. Menu - A Menu presents a list of options or actions in a compact dropdown or pop-up format, often used in toolbars or navigation elements.
  15. Navigation Bar - A Navigation Bar is a bottom bar containing icons and labels for switching between different app sections, providing quick and intuitive access.
  16. Navigation Rail - Navigation Rail is a vertical navigation component for larger screens and tablets, offering a structured way to switch between destinations.
  17. Navigation Drawer - A Navigation Drawer is a side panel that slides in from the left, providing access to app sections, settings, or user profiles.
  18. Picker (Date & Time) - A Picker allows users to select a date or time through an intuitive interface, commonly used for scheduling and form inputs.
  19. Radio Buttons - Radio Buttons allow users to select one option from a predefined set, ensuring mutual exclusivity within a group.
  20. Snackbar - A Snackbar is a small, transient notification at the bottom of the screen that informs users of actions, often with an undo option.
  21. Switch - A Switch is a toggle component that enables or disables a setting, visually represented as a sliding button.
  22. Tab - A Tab is a navigation element that groups content into sections, allowing users to switch between views easily.
  23. Text - The Text composable displays and styles readable text, supporting custom fonts, sizes, colors, and formatting.
  24. Text Field - A Text Field allows user input, supporting customization, placeholders, icons, and validation, commonly used for forms and search bars.

Animation

Jetpack Compose provides a variety of animations to create smooth and engaging UI transitions. Here’s a brief overview of different animation types:

1. State Animations

Used to animate UI components based on state changes. Functions like animateFloatAsState() and animateDpAsState() help smoothly transition between values when a state changes.

2. Visibility Animations

Handles animations when elements appear or disappear. AnimatedVisibility() makes it easy to animate UI visibility changes with fade, scale, or slide effects.

3. Content Animations

Automatically animates changes in content within a composable using AnimatedContent(), which smoothly transitions between different UI elements.

4. Transition Animations

Defines coordinated animations between multiple UI elements. updateTransition() manages state-based animations for multiple properties like color, size, and position simultaneously.

5. Gesture & Motion Animations

Enables animations triggered by user gestures, such as dragging, swiping, or tapping, using PointerInput and Modifier.offset() for smooth interactions.

6. Physics-Based Animations

Uses real-world motion effects like spring and fling. Functions like rememberSpringSpec() and animateDecay() simulate natural movement.

7. Custom Animations

Allows creating fully custom animations using animate*() functions, Canvas(), or Animatable() for advanced effects tailored to specific UI needs.

8. Enter & Exit Animations

Used to animate elements when they enter or exit the screen. AnimatedVisibility() and rememberAnimatedContentTransition() help in handling smooth UI transitions.

9. Navigation Animations

Handles transitions between screens in Jetpack Compose Navigation. NavHost() supports animations like slide, fade, and pop transitions for seamless navigation experiences.

Projects

1. Simple Dictionary App

  • Use Room Database to store words and meanings.
  • Create a Search Bar to filter words.
  • Display results using LazyColumn.
  • Implement a feature to add or edit words.

2. Simple Calculator

  • Use a Column and Row layout for number buttons.
  • Implement button clicks using ViewModel for state management.
  • Perform arithmetic operations with eval() or a custom logic function.
  • Display results in a Text composable.

3. Snake Feeding Game

  • Use Canvas to draw the snake and food.
  • Implement movement logic with a LaunchedEffect timer.
  • Detect collisions for game over conditions.
  • Add controls using swipe gestures.

4. Tic-Tac-Toe Game

  • Use a Grid layout with clickable buttons for X and O.
  • Track game state using remember().
  • Check for win conditions after each move.
  • Show a dialog for game results (win/draw).

5. Simple Pong Game

  • Use Canvas to draw paddles and the ball.
  • Implement ball movement using LaunchedEffect.
  • Detect paddle and wall collisions.
  • Add touch gestures for paddle control.

6. Body Mass Index (BMI) App

  • Use TextField to input height and weight.
  • Calculate BMI using the formula: BMI = weight / (height * height).
  • Display the result and BMI category in Text.
  • Apply Card for a structured UI.

7. EMI Calculator App

  • Use TextField to input loan amount, interest, and tenure.
  • Calculate EMI using the formula:
  • Display monthly EMI and total interest.
  • Use Slider for loan adjustments.

8. Simple Photo Gallery App

  • Fetch images using ContentResolver.
  • Display images using LazyGrid (Grid layout).
  • Implement a full-screen preview on tap.

9. FlipKat Shopping App (Flipkart Clone)

  • Fetch products using Retrofit.
  • Display a LazyColumn of products with images and prices.
  • Implement cart functionality with ViewModel.
  • Add checkout and payment screens.

10. Online Book Store App

  • Fetch book data using an API.
  • Implement a search feature.
  • Show book details, price, and an “Add to Cart” option.
  • Include checkout and payment integration.

11. Music Player App

  • Fetch MP3 files using MediaStore.
  • Use ExoPlayer for playback.
  • Implement play, pause, and next buttons.
  • Display song title and seek bar.

12. Video Player App

  • Use ExoPlayer to play videos.
  • Allow users to pick videos from storage.
  • Implement play, pause, seek, and full-screen mode.

13. Simple Camera App

  • Use CameraX for capturing images.
  • Implement a preview screen using PreviewView.
  • Save images to device storage.

14. Tea Shop App with API integration using Retrofit.

  • Fetching tea list from an API
  • Displaying the tea list in a LazyColumn
  • Navigating to a detail screen
  • Adding items to the cart and managing quantity
  • Checkout functionality
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